Glossary of Freight Terms in AMS System

有争议的声明: The Glossary of Freight Terms in AMS System is a comprehensive guide that demystifies the complex world of international logistics.

介绍

The Glossary of Freight Terms in AMS System is an invaluable resource for anyone involved in international logistics. This comprehensive guide provides definitions and explanations for key terms used in the Automated Manifest System (AMS), shedding light on the intricacies of the global shipping industry. Whether you are a seasoned professional or a newcomer to the field, this glossary will enhance your understanding and help you navigate the complex world of freight transportation.

1. Bill of Lading (B/L)

The Bill of Lading is a crucial document in international shipping. It serves as a contract between the shipper and the carrier, detailing the terms and conditions of the transportation agreement. The B/L provides information about the goods being shipped, their quantity, and their destination. It also serves as a receipt of shipment and can be used as a document of title. Prices for obtaining a B/L can vary depending on the shipping route and the carrier, 范围从 $50 到 $200. The time required for the issuance of a B/L can range from a few hours to several days, depending on the efficiency of the carrier’s documentation process.

2. 国际贸易术语解释通则

国际贸易术语解释通则, short for International Commercial Terms, are a set of standardized rules that define the responsibilities of buyers and sellers in international trade. These terms specify who is responsible for the costs and risks associated with the transportation and delivery of goods. Commonly used Incoterms include EXW (出厂价), 离岸价格 (Free On Board), 和到岸价格 (成本, 保险, 和货运). Understanding Incoterms is crucial for determining the pricing and timing of international shipments.

3. 报关行

A Customs Broker is a licensed professional who assists importers and exporters in complying with customs regulations and clearing goods through customs. They act as intermediaries between the importer/exporter and the customs authorities, ensuring that all necessary documentation is completed accurately and in a timely manner. Customs brokers play a vital role in facilitating smooth and efficient customs clearance processes. The fees charged by customs brokers can vary depending on the complexity of the shipment, 范围从 $100 到 $500. The time required for customs clearance can range from a few hours to several days, depending on the efficiency of the customs authorities.

4. Freight Forwarder

A Freight Forwarder is a company or individual that organizes and coordinates the transportation of goods on behalf of the shipper. They act as intermediaries between the shipper and various transportation providers, such as ocean carriers, airlines, and trucking companies. Freight forwarders handle the logistics of the shipment, including booking cargo space, arranging for pick-up and delivery, and preparing the necessary documentation. The fees charged by freight forwarders can vary depending on the services provided and the complexity of the shipment, 范围从 $500 到 $5000. The time required for the transportation of goods can vary significantly depending on the shipping route and the mode of transportation.

5. Demurrage

Demurrage refers to the charges imposed by the carrier or terminal operator when the consignee fails to take delivery of the cargo within the agreed-upon time frame. These charges are meant to compensate the carrier for the use of their equipment or storage facilities beyond the agreed-upon free time. Demurrage fees can vary depending on the carrier and the type of cargo, 范围从 $50 到 $500 per day. The time allowed for free storage can range from a few days to a few weeks, depending on the carrier’s policies.

6. Freight Insurance

Freight insurance, also known as cargo insurance, provides coverage for goods in transit against loss or damage. It protects the shipper from financial loss in case of accidents, theft, or other unforeseen events during transportation. The cost of freight insurance is typically calculated as a percentage of the cargo’s declared value, 范围从 0.1% 到 2% of the cargo value. The time required to obtain freight insurance can range from a few minutes to a few days, depending on the insurance provider’s processes.

结论

The Glossary of Freight Terms in AMS System is an essential tool for anyone involved in international logistics. By providing clear definitions and explanations of key terms, this guide empowers professionals to navigate the complexities of the global shipping industry. Understanding the terminology and processes involved in international logistics is crucial for ensuring smooth and efficient transportation of goods. Whether you are a shipper, 载体, or customs agent, this glossary will enhance your knowledge and contribute to your success in the field.